Projects

Introduction: 

Abdominal pain and shoulder pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is most likely a combination of direct stretching of the diaphragm caused by insufflation and the release of hydrogen ions. Reducing postoperative discomfort after LC is an area of active research. Many methods such as low pressure pneumoperitoneum and intraperitoneal instillation of drugs (local anesthetic, saline) to reduce pain have been carried out. Drainage of gas after elective LC reduces early postoperative abdominal pain including shoulder pain.